Thursday, May 14, 2009
Charles-Édouard Jeanneret
1887 Charles-Édouard Jeanneret is born on 6 October in La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland, to Georges- Édouard Jeanneret, an engraver and enamellist, and Marie-Charlotte-Amélie Jeanneret, née Perret, a piano teacher.
1902 Enters the École d’Art in La Chaux-de-Fonds, with courses in engraving and chasing. He develops a close relationship with Charles L’Eplattenier, one of his teachers and a leading figure in the Swiss Art Nouveau movement, over the next ten years.
1906 Villa Fallet in La Chaux-de-Fonds (1906–7), in collaboration with the architect René Chapallaz and fellow students at the École d’Art. Louis Fallet was a member of the board at the School of Applied Arts in La Chaux-de-Fonds.
1907 First extended trip to Italy (Pisa, Florence, Siena, Padua, Ferrara, Verona, Venice and Ravenna), including a visit to the Certosa di Galluzzo (which he subsequently refers to as the Certosa d’Ema); extended stay in Vienna. Villa Stotzer and Villa Jaquemet in La Chaux-de-Fonds (1907–8), in collaboration with René Chapallaz.
1908Works in the atelier of August Perret until spring 1909, where he gains his first experience with ferro-concrete.
1910 Extended visit to Germany (until 1911) for study purposes, including stays in Munich and Berlin. Contacts with Theodor Fischer, Hermann Muthesius, Heinrich Tessenow, Wolf Dohrn and other advocates of the German reformist movement. Five-month apprenticeship in the office of Peter Behrens in Berlin- Neubabelsberg (until 1911), where Walter Gropius and Mies van der Rohe also gained experience. Makes the acquaintance of William Ritter, a Swiss writer and arts critic, with whom he develops a close friendship that lasts into the 1940s.
1911Trip through Eastern Europe and the Balkans (Voyage d’Orient) to Istanbul, together with August Klipstein, at the time an art history student in Berne who later became an antiques dealer. Return trip through Athens, Mount Athos, Pompeii, Naples, Rome, Florence. Publication of his travelogue in the gazette Feuille d’Avis de La Chaux-de-Fonds.
1912 First exhibition of a series of travel sketches and watercolours, entitled ‘Langage de pierres’, in Neuchâtel and at the Salon d’Automne in Paris. Villa Jeanneret-Perret (Maison Blanche), Le Corbusier’s first independent work of architecture, for his parents in La Chaux-de-Fonds. Villa Favre-Jacot in Le Locle for the owner of the Zenith watch factory, Georges Favre-Jacot (1912–13). Publishes Étude sur le mouvement d’art décoratif en Allemagne.
1913 Several residential interiors and furniture designs for clients in La Chaux-de-Fonds, especially for the families Ditisheim, Levaillant and Schwob (until 1923).
1915Studies at the Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris and abandons a literary work-in-progress on urban planning entitled La construction des villes. Begins development of the Dom-ino system (simple skeleton structures made of reinforced concrete which are suited to mass production) together with Max Du Bois.
1916 La Scala Cinema in La Chaux-de-Fonds (based on plans by René Chapallaz). Villa Schwob in La Chaux-de-Fonds (1916–17). Design for a Villa on the Sea for Paul Poiret (project, 1916–17).
1917Moves permanently to Paris and rents an apartment at 20 rue Jacob in the quarter of Saint Germain des Près, where he lives until 1934. Establishes an office at 20 rue de Belzunce, and subsequently at 29 rue d’Astorg.
1918Collaborative work with the painter Amédée Ozenfant (until 1925) and first joint exhibition at the Galerie Thomas in Paris. The catalogue proclaims Purism as a new movement in painting. Makes the acquaintance of Raoul La Roche, a banker and art collector from Basle. Oil painting ‘La Cheminée’, later referred to by Le Corbusier as ‘mon premier tableau’. He continues to work in the fine arts (painting, graphic art and, beginning in the 1940s, sculpture and tapestry) until the end of his life. Publishes Après le cubisme (together with Amédée Ozenfant).
1919 Founds the journal L’Esprit nouveau together with Ozenfant and the poet Paul Dermée.
1920Begins to use the pseudonym Le Corbusier. He derives it from ‘M. Lecorbésier’, the name of his maternal great-grandfather, but often associates it in later years with the French word for raven (corbeau). The first issue of L’Esprit nouveau is published in October. First studies for Citrohan houses.
1921 Increasing contact with artists such as Picasso, Braque and Léger. Advises Raoul La Roche on the purchase of paintings at art auctions.
1922Opens an architectural office together with his cousin Pierre Jeanneret. This collaboration lasts until 1940. Apartment complex Immeuble Villas (project, 1922–25). Project for a Ville contemporaine de trois millions d’habitants (Contemporary city of three million inhabitants), presentation at the Salon d’Automne in Paris.
1923Villa Le Lac (Petite Maison) for his parents in Corseaux, near Vevey, on Lake Geneva (1923–24). House and Studio for the painter Amédée Ozenfant in Paris (1923–24). Villa La Roche/Jeanneret in Paris (1923–25). House and Studio for the sculptor Jacques Lipchitz in Boulogne-sur-Seine (1923–25). Publishes Vers une architecture.
1924 Moves into the legendary architectural studio at 35 rue de Sèvres, Paris, located in the corridor of a former Jesuit monastery.
1925Pavillon de l’Esprit Nouveau at the Exposition internationale des arts décoratifs et industriels modernes in Paris. His project for a Ville contemporaine de trois millions d’habitants and the Plan Voisin are displayed inside the pavilion. Last issue of the journal L’Esprit nouveau. Publishes Urbanisme and L’Art décoratif d’aujourd’hui. Publishes La peinture moderne (together with Amédée Ozenfant).
1926 Death of his father on 11 April in Corseaux, Switzerland. Villa Cook in Boulogne-sur-Seine (1926–27). Villa Stein-de Monzie in Garches (1926–28). Publishes the Almanach d’architecture moderne.
1927 Designs two houses in the Weißenhof-Siedlung as part of the Werkbund exhibition in Stuttgart (construction supervisor Alfred Roth). Villa Church in Ville-d’Avray (1927–30). Publishes Cinq points pour une architecture nouvelle (Five points for a new architecture), in which he articulates his design principles.
1928Founding member of the Congrès internationaux d’architecture moderne (CIAM) at La Sarraz Castle in Switzerland. Villa Savoye in Poissy (1928–31). Centrosoyuz Building for the Union of Soviet Cooperatives in Moscow (1928–36, plans executed by Nikolaj Kolli). Publishes Une maison – un palais and Mundaneum.
1929 Lecture series in Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Aires and Montevideo. During this trip he makes the acquaintance of Josephine Baker. Presents tubular steel furniture developed in collaboration with Charlotte Perriand and Pierre Jeanneret at the Salon d’Automne in Paris. Penthouse Beistegui Apartment on the Champs-Elysées, Paris (1929–31). Cité de refuge, homeless shelter for the Salvation Army, Paris (1929–33). Pavillon Suisse at the Cité Universitaire, Paris (1929–33).
1930 Contributes essays to the newly established monthly review Plans, of which 13 issues are published 1931–32. Assumes French citizenship (19 September) and marries Yvonne Gallis (18 December). Immeuble Clarté in Geneva for the industrialist Edmond Wanner (1930–32). Publishes Précision sur un état présent de l’architecture et de l’urbanisme, a compilation of his lectures in Latin America. Publishes the first volume of his Oeuvre complète with the Girsberger publishing house in Zurich. The eighth and final volume is published posthumously in 1970.
1931Immeuble Molitor, rue Nungesser-et-Coli, Paris (1931–34). Competition entry for the Palace of the Soviets in Moscow (1931–32). Publishes Requête à M. le Président de la Société des Nations and Claviers de couleur.
1932 Plan Obus for Algiers.
1933 Attends the fourth CIAM conference on ‘The Functional City’ aboard the ship SS Patris II en route to Athens. He subsequently plays a major role in documenting the conclusions of the meeting, which are published as The Athens Charter in 1943. Contributes to the journal Prélude, which appears in 16 issues 1933–36. Publishes Croisade ou le crépuscule des académies.
1934 Moves into apartment and studio spaces on the seventh storey of the Immeuble Molitor, where he resides for the rest of his life.
1935 Visits the Bata shoe factory in Zlín, Czechoslovakia. Develops several architectural designs for Bata company locations in Zlín and France (projects, 1935–37). Shows the exhibition ‘Les arts dits primitifs’, organised by Louis Carré, in his apartment at rue Nungesser-et-Coli. Publishes La ville radieuse and Aircraft.
1936Trip to South America in the dirigible Graf Zeppelin for a lecture series; contacts Oscar Niemeyer, Lucio Costa and Affonso Eduardo Reidy in Rio de Janeiro.
1937 Member of the organising committee for the 5th CIAM conference in Paris on the topic of housing and recreation (‘Logis et Loisirs’). Pavillon des temps nouveaux at the Exposition internationale des arts et des techniques dans la vie moderne in Paris. Publishes Quand les cathédrales étaient blanches. Voyage au pays des timides.
1938Continues to work on plans for Algiers with the skyscraper project Quartier de la Marine. Publishes Des canons, des munitions? Merci! Des logis . . . s.v.p.
1939 Paints wall murals in Jean Badovici and Eileen Gray’s Villa E.1027 in Roquebrune-Cap Martin, southern France. Publishes ‘Le lyrisme des temps nouveaux et l’urbanisme’ in Le Point, special issue.
1940Closes the office at rue de Sèvres and flees with his wife to Ozon in the Pyrenees following the occupation of Paris by German troops on 14 June. The business partnership with Pierre Jeanneret is dissolved. Designs for mobile schools (Écoles volantes) and club facilities, together with Jean Prouvé.
1941 Exhibits gouache paintings at Willy Boesiger’s gallery in Zurich. Publishes Destin de Paris and Sur les quatre routes.
1942 First studies on the Modulor, a universal system of measurement. Publishes Les constructions «murondins» and La maison des hommes (in collaboration with François de Pierrefeu).
1943 ASCORAL (Association des constructeurs pour la rénovation architecturale) is founded as a re-formation of the French CIAM group. Publishes Entretien avec les étudiants des écoles d’architecture and Urbanisme des CIAM. La Charte d’Athènes (published under the auspices of the French CIAM group, with an introduction by Jean Giraudoux).
1944Reopens the office at rue de Sèvres, Paris, in August.
1945 Receives a commission from Reconstruction Minister Raoul Dautry for a housing project in Marseille; preliminary designs for the Unité d’habitation (1945–52). Publishes Les trois établissements humains (group authorship).
1946Trip to New York during the planning stages of a project for the United Nations headquarters. Meets Albert Einstein in Princeton. Publishes Manière de penser l’urbanisme and Propos d’urbanisme.
1947 Designs for the Headquarters of the United Nations in New York. The structure that is eventually built by Wallace K. Harrison incorporates the ideas of Le Corbusier. Completion of the Grille CIAM, a system of demonstration panels that serve as graphic illustrations of urban projects, in collaboration with ASCORAL and additional contributors (1947–49). Presented at the 6th CIAM conference in Bridgwater. Creates his first wooden sculptures in collaboration with the Breton cabinetmaker Joseph Savina; his painting moves in new directions. Publishes UN Headquarters.
1948Unité d’habitation in Rezé-lès-Nantes (1948–55). Paints a wall mural in the studio at rue de Sèvres. Publishes Grille CIAM d’Urbanisme. Mise en applicaion de la Charte d’Athènes and New World of Space.
1950Chapel of Notre Dame du Haut in Ronchamp (1950–55). Appointed Government Architectural Adviser for Chandigarh, which is to be constructed as the new capital of Punjab. Development of a master plan for the city (1950–51) in collaboration with PierreJeanneret, Jane Drew and Maxwell Fry. Primary layout of the city in a grid of sectors with the Capitol complex on the northern edge. Publishes Poésie sur Alger, Le Modulor and L’Unité d’habitation de Marseille (Le Point, n° spécial).
1951 High Court (1951–55), Secretariat (1951–58) and Legislative Assembly (1951–64) as part of the Capitol complex of Chandigarh. Designs for the Governor’s Palace (1951–54) and a Museum of Knowledge as part of the Capitol complex of Chandigarh (projects). Symbolic monuments in the grounds of the Capitol in Chandigarh: Open Hand (Main ouverte, completed 1985), Martyrs’ Memorial, Tower of Shadows, Geometric Hill. Building for the Mill Owners’ Association (1951–54), Villa Shodhan (1951–56) and Villa Sarabhai (1951–56), all in Ahmedabad. Cabin (Cabanon) in Roquebrune-Cap Martin, southern France (1951–52). Jaoul Houses in Neuilly-sur-Seine (1951–55).
1952 Beginning of construction in Chandigarh. Dedication of the Unité d’habitation in Marseille by Eugène Claudius-Petit.
1953 Awarded the Gold Medal of the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA). Pavillon du Brésil at the Cité Universitaire in Paris, designed together with Lucio Costa (1953–59). Dominican monastery Sainte Marie de la Tourette (La Tourette) in Eveux-sur-Arbresle (1953–60).
1954 Publishes Une petite maison.
1955 Maison de la Culture (1955–65) and Stadium (1955–68) in Firminy. Publishes Architecture du bonheur, Le poème de l’angle droit and Modulor 2.
1956Unité d’habitation in Berlin-Charlottenburg (1956–58). Publishes Les plans de Paris, a compendium of renewal projects for Paris that he had created during the past decades.
1957 Yvonne Le Corbusier dies on 5 October. National Museum of Western Art in Tokyo (1957–59). Publishes Ronchamp and Von der Poesie des Bauens.
1958 Philips Pavilion at the World’s Fair in Brussels and design of the visual composition ‘Poème éléctronique’ to music by Edgar Varèse. Publishes Claviers de couleur Salubra.
1959 Unité d’habitation in Firminy (1959–67). Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts at Harvard University in Cambridge, Mass. (1959–62).
1960 Death of his mother on 15 February in Corseaux, Switzerland, at the age of 100. Publishes L’Atelier de la recherche patiente.
1961Beginning of construction of the Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts at Harvard University under the direction of Josep Lluís Sert. Project for the church of Saint Pierre in Firminy (realised 2003–6 under the direction of José Oubrerie, a former employee of Le Corbusier). Completion of seven wall tapestries for the High Court in Chandigarh.
1962Retrospective exhibition of his work at the Musée National d’Art Moderne in Paris. Exhibition pavilion Maison de l’Homme in Zurich, commissioned by the art dealer Heidi Weber (1962–67).
1963Design for a building for the French Embassy in Brasília (project, 1963–64).
1964 Inauguration of the Assembly Hall in Chandigarh with the official opening of the monumental enamelled steel door designed by Le Corbusier as a gift from France to the country of India.
1965Dies on 27 August while swimming in the ocean in Roquebrune-Cap Martin, after suffering a heart attack.
1966 Le voyage d’Orient is published.
1967 Completion of the exhibition pavilion Maison de l’Homme in Zurich. Completion of the Unité d’habitation in Firminy.
1968Completion of the Stadium in Firminy. On 24 July, in accordance with the prior wishes of Le Corbusier, the Fondation Le Corbusier is established in Paris as a non-profit-making organisation; it continues to administer his estate to the present day.
Thursday, April 30, 2009
Architects' Data (neufert 3rd edition)
Hi All,
Architects' Data provides an essential reference for the initial design and planning of a building project. Organised largely by building type, and with over 6000 diagrams, it provides a mass of data on spatial requirements and also covers planning criteria and considerations of function and siting.
Most illustrations are dimensioned and each building type includes plans, sections, site layouts and design details.
Advice on how to download:
1. Download all parts and put them in one folder (all in One folder)
2.extract part 4 with Winzip
3.enjoy ;-)
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
Tuesday, April 7, 2009
You know you're an architecture student when...
You know you're an architecture student when...
...you know the janitors by name.
...your roommates say "good morning," and you reply "good
night."
...you carry a toothbrush in your backpack.
...someone asks you for your phone number and you give them the studios.
...you start paying rent for your desk space in studio.
...You total up 3 meals of the day to your breakfast.
...'Red Bull' is your favorite drink.
...all of the Christmas gifts you give are wrapped in trace.
...you ask Santa Clause for architecture supplies.
...you ask Santa Clause for a sleeping bag.
...after all of your expenses, you can't afford to pay attention
...you have 3 or more cups of double shot coffee espressos in one night
...you hear the same song on the radio 3 or more times in one night.
... You know the different taste between UHU and Peligom glue
... You can stay alive without sunlight, communicate with people nor having
foods but you would commit suicide if the plotter doesn't plot your work
out
...construction workers are already working.
...You've lost your house key and u realized week later
...you sleep more than 16 hrs at weekends
...u dance madly at 3 am though u aren't drunk
...you note smth with yr drafting pen
... You are an expert and Photoshop, illustrator and auto cad
but u don't know how to use MS excel
...you've got 2 subjects / day but u got to study it whole day
...you spend more time in studio than in your own bed.
...your parents are complaining that you're not having enough fun.
...you only leave studio to buy supplies.
...you haven't taken a shower in a week.
...you see showering as a waste of time.
...you've ever dreamt about your models.
...upon hearing 'supermodel', you think of a nicely crafted-foam core
model.
...your parents have more of a social life than you.
...your 14-year-old brother has more of a social life than you.
...you consider using broccoli for your models.
...you enjoy hanging out at 'Home and Garden Fair'.
...you know all the 24-hour food places in the area.
...your friends get more sleep in one night than you do in one week.
...the streetlights turn off.
..You consider 3AM an early night.
...when you are out at 3AM, and people knows where you're at.
...everything you eat comes in single serving baggies.
...smoking sounds appealing.
...you're out on Friday nights in studio.
...the only building on campus with its lights on is your studios'.
...you say "It's only midnight- I have plenty of time to finish."
...you confuse sunrise with sunset.
...you ask what time it is, then ask "AM or PM?"
...you strangle your roommate because she said she stayed up late studying.
...your Friday night is 68 hours long.
...you know how much a cubic foot of concrete weighs (150lbs).
...you slice your finger, and the first thing you think of is if you'll be
able to finish your model.
...you understand why architects have glasses and white hair.
...You call some great architects as if they are you friends.
err... Frank... Tadao.
...you know all of these are true, no exaggerations.
...you can listen to all your CD's in one night.
...certain songs remind you of studio.
...you change the style of music to country coz u r fed up with POP
...Sister's favorite brand names are Prada DNKY etc... But yours are
Mastex, Staedtler, pentel, rotring
...you dare not to have a gf/bf coz no one can accept for what u are
...you can conceptually compose the food on your plate.
...upon hearing 'Weekends' you think of sleep.
...the 'Shop Cafe' closes when you arrive, and reopens before you leave
studio.
...you have to wait for breakfast shops to open.
...you go to the food shop, and order the "usual", and they
understand.
...you use architecture tools to eat.
...you only buy groceries once a month.
...you wake up to go to school and you're already there.
...you start wearing all black.
...you have no life, and admit it.
...you start to critique a radio selection's selection of songs.
...you bring your friends to studio to keep you company.
...you refer to outside studio as the "Real World."
..."going out to eat" is at the 'Shop Cafe'.
...going on a vacation involves going to 'Flax' or 'Pearl'.
...you confuse today and tomorrow.
...you tell time by when other people leave studio.
...you can write a 6-page term paper by procrastinating.
...you hear "Didn't you wear that yesterday?' followed by
"and the day before that?"
...you roommate files a Missing Person Report.
...you count the number of days (not hours) you've been awake.
...you think days are 48 hours long.
...you go to the store to buy a six-pack of 'Red Bull'.
..."Homecoming" happens once a term.
...you see your own picture on a milk carton.
...you start using words your instructor uses.
...your bed has collected a layer of dust on it.
...concept of time is not forward, but a countdown from the time a project is
due ("What time is it?""4 hours 'till").
...doing models all night long excites you.
...you know the people in the studio better then your roommates
...Red Bull pyramids are some of our late-night late
projects.
...They know the phrase "Always done, never done" all too well and
wish the professors would stop saying it
...They can always have more construction lines.
...They know the number and price of their favorite item in the snack machine
downstairs, as well as every other item and all the drinks in the other two
machines.
...you have sent messages on aim to another jackass architecture student in the
same room
as you are
...you don't find out who wins the Presidential Election until Thanksgiving
Break, if you get one at all.
...a break consists of moving your car.
...you use your T-square or straight edge as a baseball bat.
....the day has 2 sunrises.
....you test which glue will cause your model to burn faster.
...U can't draw without listening to music!
...when people tell you that they like walking around with you because you see
things know one else does.
...when someone says "icon" and you think of Louis I. Kahn.
...when someone says "eye candy" and you think of gratuitous details
on a building.
... When you're not sure what day of the week it is
... When you have slept straight through a day and into the next day after a
final review
... When lack of sleep makes you feel and act as if you are high
... When any flat surface is seen as a place to take a nap (underneath the
tables in the computer room (that's where it is the warmest), in hallways,
on drafting boards
... When you have to ask your fellow architects to give you wake up calls
... When you have three or more alarm clocks in your room.
... When cutting yourself with an x-acto seems like a good idea because it will
give you an excuse for not having finished your work
... When you go to studio and spend more time socializing than doing work
... When professors for courses outside of the architecture school are lenient
once they are aware you are an architecture student.
... You try to do things to make your friend laugh while he is presenting
... When you skip classes because you have too much work to do
... When writing a paper seems impossible and completely foreign to you
.....you lose your eyesight and you gain backache and neck ache
...when people stop you in hallways and say "hey, I like your beard"
and you realize that you haven't shaved in three projects
...when you start measuring all time segments in terms of "projects
...when you have nicknames for all your tools
...when you talk to all your tools like they're "real people" and
use their nicknames
...when you try to talk to another person and realize that you've invented
your own language and nobody else understands you
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